Bioscience Evidence 2026, Vol.16, No.4, 316-328 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/be 327 The establishment of quality-oriented substrate systems requires comprehensive consideration of raw material characteristics, production costs, yield stability, nutritional quality, and market demand. By integrating substrate management with quality evaluation systems, the shiitake industry can achieve a transition from production-scale expansion toward high-quality development. Author Contributions The author appreciates Dr. Fang from the Hainan Institution of Biotechnology for her assistance in references collection and discussion for this work completion. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Asdullah H.U., Xu Y., Abbas A., Hassan M.A., Sajad S., Rafiq M., Wang D., and Chen Y., 2025, Impact of Artemisia argyi and Stevia rebaudiana substrate composition on the nutritional quality, yield and mycelial growth of L.edodes addressing future food challenges, BMC Plant Biology, 25: 1338. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07340-w Atila F., 2019, Compositional changes in lignocellulosic content of some agro-wastes during the production cycle of shiitake mushroom, Scientia Horticulturae, 245: 263-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.10.029 Bach F., Helm C.V., De Lima E.A., Bellettini M.B., and Haminiuk C.W.I., 2018, Influence of cultivation methods on the chemical and nutritional characteristics of Lentinula edodes, Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 30: 1006-1013. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2018.v30.i12.1879 Baktemur G., Ecem K.A.R.A., Yarar M., Yilmaz N., Ağcam E., Akyildiz A., and Taşkin H., 2022, Yield, quality and enzyme activity of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) grown on different agricultural wastes, Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 50: 12553. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha50112553 Bansal R., and Ravi S., 2024, Appraisement of growth behaviour and yield performance of Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler using different substrates, Journal of Mycopathological Research, 62: 169-175. https://doi.org/10.57023/JMycR.62.1.2024.169 Chen F., Martin C., Lestander T.A., Grimm A., and Xiong S., 2022, Shiitake cultivation as biological preprocessing of lignocellulosic feedstocks-Substrate changes in crystallinity, syringyl/guaiacyl lignin and degradation-derived by-products, Bioresource Technology, 344: 126256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126256 Chen L., Gong Y., Cai Y., Liu W., Zhou Y., Xiao Y., Xu Z., Liu Y., Lei X.-Y., Wang G., Guo M., and Bian Y., 2016, Genome sequence of the edible cultivated mushroomLentinula edodes (shiitake) reveals insights into lignocellulose degradation, PLoS ONE, 11: e0160336. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160336 Desisa B., Muleta D., Dejene T., Jida M., Goshu A., and Martin-Pinto P., 2023, Substrate optimization for shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) mushroom production in Ethiopia, Journal of Fungi, 9: 811. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9080811 Desisa B., Muleta D., Jida M., Dejene T., Goshu A., Negi T., and Martin-Pinto P., 2024, Improvement of nutritional composition of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) using formulated substrates of plant and animal origins, Future Foods, 9: 100302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fufo.2024.100302 El Sebaaly Z., Nabhan S., Outayek J., Nedelin T., and Sassine Y.N., 2024, Mixing oak and eucalyptus sawdusts improves shiitake (Lentinula edodes) yield and nutritional value, PLoS ONE, 19: e0309787. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309787 Farhan E.M., and Chechan R.A., 2023, Effect of some agricultural substrates on production efficiency of Lentinula edodes (OM432157) and evaluation of its vitamins content, Egyptian Journal of Botany, 63: 715-726. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2023.170207.2176 Grimm A., Dos Reis G.S., Khokarale S.G., Ekman S., Lima E.C., Xiong S., and Hultberg M., 2023, Shiitake spent mushroom substrate as a sustainable feedstock for developing highly efficient nitrogen-doped biochars for treatment of dye-contaminated water, Journal of Water Process Engineering, 56: 104435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104435 Kumar P., Eid E., Al-Huqail A.A., Širić I., Adelodun B., Fayssal A.S., Valadez-Blanco R., Goala M., Ajibade F.O., Choi K.S., and Kumar V., 2022, Kinetic studies on delignification and heavy metals uptake by shiitake (Lentinula edodes) mushroom cultivated on agro-industrial wastes, Horticulturae, 8: 316. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8040316 Nabhan S., Sebaaly Z., Lacheva M., Bitar N., Sassine Y., and Nedelin T., 2025, Substrates used for the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes):A review, Scientific Works, 67: 270-282. https://doi.org/10.22620/sciworks.2025.02.021
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