International Journal of Marine Science, 2026, Vol.16, No.3, 180-190 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ijms 189 for improving seaweed aquaculture techniques and management precision. In parallel, nanosensors and related monitoring tools are being proposed for water-quality surveillance, disease detection, and biofouling control, suggesting that future green Porphyra models will increasingly rely on real-time sensing and early-warning capacity rather than periodic manual observation alone. The high-quality development of the Porphyra industry will require moving from farm-level greening to wholeindustry coordination across governance, markets, and value chains. Global aquaculture assessments emphasize that sustainable growth depends on stronger governance, regulatory frameworks, social responsibility, and greater investment in research and development, while China's green-aquaculture framework likewise defines green development as the joint achievement of environmental friendliness, technical efficiency, product safety, income growth, and consumer satisfaction. This means that the future of the nori industry should not be judged only by production expansion, but by whether ecological, economic, and product-quality goals are advanced together. A second pathway is to build a more diversified and resilient blue-economy structure around Porphyra biomass. Recent reviews indicate that Porphyra has expanding potential in food, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and biofuel applications, while broader seaweed outlooks argue that scaling seaweed aquaculture is essential for food security and sustainability under future resource constraints. In this sense, the long-term outlook for green Porphyra farming is strongest when the industry links high-standard cultivation with value-added processing, ecosystem-service recognition, and low-carbon development pathways. References Augyte S., Kim J.K., and Yarish C., 2021, Seaweed aquaculture-From historic trends to current innovation, Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 52(5): 10041008. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12854 Brakel J., Sibonga R.C., Dumilag R.V., Montalescot V., Campbell I., Cottier-Cook E.J., Ward G.M., Masson L.V., Liu T., Msuya F.E., Brodie J.A., Lim P.-E., and Gachon C.M.M., 2021, Exploring, harnessing and conserving marine genetic resources towards a sustainable seaweed aquaculture, Plants, People, Planet, 3(4): 337-349. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10190 Cortez F., Nanetti E., Chaves G., Pereira A.C., Mendes M., Oliveira I., Leuzzi D., Abreu H., Martins M., Leite R., Keller-Costa T., and Costa R., 2026, Prokaryotic community structure and auxin biosynthesis in early developmental stages of farmed Atlantic Nori (Porphyra spp.), Frontiers in Microbiology, 16: 1750184. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1750184 Da Silva C.P., Emam M., Jafarzadeh H., Belcastro M., and O’Flynn B., 2021, Development of a low-power underwater NFC-enabled sensor device for seaweed monitoring, Sensors (Basel), 21(14): 4649. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21144649 Da Silva L.D., Obando J.M.C., Machado L.P., Bueno G.W., and Santos T.C.D., 2025, Nori species (Rhodophyta, Bangiales): A brief review of nutritional and economic potential in Brazil, Revista Ciência Agronômica, 56: e202494155. https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20250048 Duarte C.M., Bruhn A., and Krause-Jensen D., 2021, A seaweed aquaculture imperative to meet global sustainability targets, Nature Sustainability, 5(3): 185-193. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-021-00773-9 García-Poza S., Leandro A., Cotas C., Cotas J., Marques J., Pereira L., and Gonçalves A.M.M., 2020, The evolution road of seaweed aquaculture: Cultivation technologies and Industry 4.0, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18): 6528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186528 Hasselström L., Thomas J.-B., Nordström J., Cervin G., Nylund G.M., Pavia H., and Gröndahl F., 2020, Socioeconomic prospects of a seaweed bioeconomy in Sweden, Scientific Reports, 10(1): 1610. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58389-6 Hossain M.S., Sharifuzzaman S.M., Nobi M.N., Chowdhury M.A., Sarker S., Alamgir M., Uddin S.A., Rahman M.M., Sobhan F., and Chowdhury S.R., 2021, Seaweed farming for sustainable development goals and blue economy in Bangladesh, Marine Policy, 128: 104469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104469 Jolly C.M., Nyandat B., Yang Z., Ridler N., Matias F., Zhang Z., Murekezi P., and Menezes A., 2023, Dynamics of aquaculture governance, Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 54(2): 427-481. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12967 Jueterbock A., Hoarau-Heemstra H., Wigger K., Duarte B., Bruckner C., Chapman A., Duan D., Engelen A., Gauci C., Hill G., Hu Z.-M., Khanal P., Khatei A., Mackintosh A., Meland H., Melo R., Nilsen A.M.L., Olsen L., Rautenberger R., et al., 2025, Roadmap to sustainably develop the European seaweed industry, npj Ocean Sustainability, 4(1): 22. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44183-025-00122-9
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