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International Journal of Marine Science 2014, Vol.4, No.37, 1-12
http://ijms.biopublisher.ca
6
Figure 2 Composition of the geoelements of the flora in the
surrounding area of Playa Florida.
From the inventory of flora, 47% of the species have a
known use; 37.5% have medicinal use, 17.1% are
melliferous, 15.6% are timber and 32.8% have some
other use recognized.
However, according to the results of the surveys, three
of the mangrove species,
Rhizophora mangle
L (red
mangrove),
Avicennia germinans
(L.) L. var.
germinans
(black mangrove) and
Conocorpus erectus
L. (Yana) are the plants mostly used by the community.
3.8 Fauna
3.8.1 Invertebrates
Invertebrates are well represented in different taxa;
Phylum Mollusca, Class Insecta, Class Arachnida and
Crustacea Subphyllum. The populations of some
species such as:
Pomacea
palludosa
(Mollusca) and
Ucacullatus
sp. (Crustacea) are relatively abundant in
the brackish lagoons and wet places in general.
3.8.2 Vertebrates
The vertebrate fauna is represented by 64 species
belonging to 5 classes (Osteychtyes, Amphibia,
Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia). The group of
vertebrates best represented is the class Aves with 50
species, 13 endemic, which means 26% of endemism
at different levels: 1 genus,
Xiphidiopicus
; 4 especies
Priotelus temnurus (Tocororo), Vireo gundlachii
(Juan
Chiví),
Dives atroviolaceus (
Candelita) and
Xiphidiopicus percusus (Carpintero verde)
; y 9
subespecies
Buteogallus anthracinus gundlachi
(Gavilán batista),
Falco sparverius sparvieroides
(Cernícalo), Colinus virginianus (Codorniz),
Chlorostilbon
ricordii
ricordii
(Zunzún),
Melanerpes superciliaris
(Carpintero jabado),
Tyrannus caudifasciatus (
Pitirre guatíbere),
Contopus
caribaeus
(Bobito chico),
Quiscalus niger
(Totí) and
Sturnella magna
(Hachuela). The 92% of birds
indentified in the area (46 species) bred in Cuba.
It is important to point out that the richness of birds of
the area is significant and growing in the months of
arrival and stay of migratory birds of winter and
summer. Not all species are typical of wetlands, but
they use this ecosystem for different purposes such as
food, shelter and reproduction.
3.9 Vegetation
The vegetation of the area is dominated by mangroves,
mainly those of
Avicenia germinans
(L.) L. var.
germinans
and
Conocorpus
erectus L., which alternate
with areas covered by marsh grassland represented by
Eleocharis mutata
(L.) R.
et
S. in the lower parts, and
lagoons where
Rupia maritima
L.,
Typha domingensis
(Pers.) Kunth and
Nymphae pulchella
DC, may appear
among others.
However, coastal dynamics makes the percentages of
vegetation change over time, pushing up the
mangroves and lagoons at the expense of the savanna
(Plasencia and Godinez, 2014)
Savannah is a completely man-made ecosystem,
emerged as a result of clearing made in the late 60s.
Vegetation cover is quite poor, possibly imposed by
soil type. From the physiognomic point of view, there
are two strata; herbaceous dominated by
Leptocoryphium lanatum
(HBK) Nees, and shrub
where
Byrsonima crassifolia
(L.) HBK (Peralejo) and
Dichrostachys cinerea
(L.) Wight et Arn (Marabou)
appear.
3.10 Landscape
Playa Florida classify as marine biogenic cumulative
semi-dry plain, on calcareous rocks and clays, with
boggy soils and aquatic vegetation, mangroves and
grasslands. They are moderately modified landscapes.
3.11 Ecology
The locations where the Playa Florida village sits
presents typical characteristics of the southern coast of
the province of Camagüey, where mangroves,
estuaries and marshes form a fringe of vegetation
along the coast and its ecological values are common