Molecular Microbiology Research, 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 59-68 http://microbescipublisher.com/index.php/mmr 59 Review and Progress Open Access Research Progress and Trends in Early-Maturing, High-Quality, and Stress-Resistant Breeding Techniques for Potato Tianxia Guo , Xingde Wang Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding author: tianxia.guo@jicat.org Molecular Microbiology Research, 2025, Vol.15, No.2 doi: 10.5376/mmr.2025.15.0007 Received: 01 Feb., 2025 Accepted: 05 Mar., 2025 Published: 20 Mar., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Guo and Wang, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Guo T.X., and Wang X.D., 2025, Research progress and trends in early-maturing, high-quality, and stress-resistant breeding techniques for potato, Molecular Microbiology Research, 15(2): 59-68 (doi: 10.5376/mmr.2025.15.0007). Abstract This study summarizes the current progress and new trends in breeding of precocious, high-quality and stress-resistant potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) varieties. Given the challenges posed by biological and abiotic stresses posed by increased climate change, there is an urgent need to develop stress-resistant potato varieties that can grow under adverse conditions and maintain high yields and high quality; traditional and modern breeding techniques are discussed, and the role of molecular marker, genetic engineering and biotechnology innovation in promoting potato breeding is emphasized. The integration of genomic tools is particularly transformative, improving the accuracy and efficiency of breeding programs when introducing traits such as disease resistance and stress resistance. It hopes to provide information on future research directions and breeding strategies to ensure continuous improvement of potato crops in the context of global climate and market pressures. Keywords Early maturation; Potato breeding; Stress resistance; Genetic engineering; Molecular markers 1 Introduction Potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) is a very important food crop. It ranks fourth in global yields and is also the most grown non-cereal crop in the world (Aksoy et al., 2021). Although the potato planting area is large, it also faces many problems, especially it is very sensitive to environmental and climate change (Tiwari et al., 2022). Many times, potatoes are affected by biological stresses such as diseases and pests, such as late blight. At the same time, it is not very resistant to abiotic stresses such as high temperatures, droughts and soil salt (Handayani et al., 2019). Therefore, breeding requires the development of new potato varieties that can adapt to these problems. These varieties must not only withstand environmental pressure, but also ensure high yield and good quality. In potato breeding, early maturity, good quality and strong stress resistance are very critical traits. Early-mature varieties are particularly suitable for areas with short planting seasons and can also avoid late-stage pests and diseases (Abazov et al., 2021). High-quality tubers are also important, as consumers and markets care about the shape, size and nutritional content of tubers (Nahirñak et al., 2022). As the pressure brought by climate change becomes greater and greater, varieties that can withstand drought and high temperatures become even more important. Being able to possess new varieties with these advantages at the same time will greatly improve the stability and yield of potato planting. This study mainly introduces new progress in breeding of early maturity, high-quality, stress-resistant potato varieties in recent years. We will introduce the applications of traditional breeding methods, molecular techniques and genetic engineering in this area. We will also talk about how to use modern phenotypic analysis and biotechnology to speed up the breeding process. I hope these contents can provide reference for future research directions and breeding strategies, and help potatoes develop better in the changing environment and market. 2 Historical Development of Potato Breeding 2.1 Traditional breeding techniques Traditional potato breeding methods have been used in agriculture for many years and have been the main method. This method usually involves first obtaining new offspring through sexual hybridization, and then selecting new
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