IJCCR_2025v15n4

International Journal of Clinical Case Reports, 2025, Vol.15, No.4, 159-170 http://medscipublisher.com/index.php/ijccr 167 Almagro P., Ponce A., Komal S., De La Asunción Villaverde M., Castrillo C., Grau G., Simon L., and De La Sierra A., 2020, Multimorbidity gender patterns in hospitalized elderly patients, PLoS One, 15(1): e0227252. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227252 Beezer J., Hatrushi M., Husband A., Kurdi A., and Forsyth P., 2021, Polypharmacy definition and prevalence in heart failure: a systematic review, Heart Failure Reviews, 27(2): 465-492. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-021-10135-4 Bokhof B., and Junius-Walker U., 2016, Reducing polypharmacy from the perspectives of general practitioners and older patients: a synthesis of qualitative studies, Drugs and Aging, 33: 249-266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-016-0354-5 Chang T., Park H., Kim D., Jeon E., Rhee C., Kalantar-Zadeh K., Kang E., Kang S., and Han S., 2020, Polypharmacy, hospitalization, and mortality risk: a nationwide cohort study, Scientific Reports, 10(1): 18964. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75888-8 Christensen J., Marcussen M., Zabell V., Bagger B., Høgsgaard D., Mortensen A., Barrett B., Lundstrøm S., Frølich A., Skou S., and Berring L., 2025, Stratification of elderly patients with multimorbidity in need of cross-sectoral collaboration: a scoping review, International Journal of Integrated Care, 25(2): 24405. https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.icic24405 Daunt R., Curtin D., and O’Mahony D., 2023, Polypharmacy stewardship: a novel approach to tackle a major public health crisis, The Lancet, Healthy Longevity, 4: e228-e235. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00036-3 Doherty A., Boland P., Reed J., Clegg A., Stephani A., Williams N., Shaw B., Hedgecoe L., Hill R., and Walker L., 2020, Barriers and facilitators to deprescribing in primary care: a systematic review, BJGP Open, 4(3): bjgpopen20X101096. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen20X101096 Dovjak P., 2022, Polypharmacy in elderly people, Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 172(5): 109-113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-021-00903-0 Gao S., Sun S., Sun T., Lu T., Ma Y., Che H., Liu M., Xue W., He K., Wang Y., and Cao F., 2024, Chronic diseases spectrum and multimorbidity in elderly inpatients based on a 12-year epidemiological survey in China, BMC Public Health, 24(1): 509. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18006-x Gnjidic D., Tinetti M., and Allore H., 2017, Assessing medication burden and polypharmacy: finding the perfect measure, Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 10: 345-347. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2017.1301206 Guillot J., Maumus-Robert S., and Bezin J., 2019, Polypharmacy: a general review of definitions, descriptions and determinants, Therapie, 75(5): 407-416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.therap.2019.10.001 Guisado-Clavero M., Roso-Llorach A., López-Jiménez T., Pons-Vigués M., Foguet-Boreu Q., Muñoz M., and Violán C., 2018, Multimorbidity patterns in the elderly: a prospective cohort study with cluster analysis, BMC Geriatrics, 18(1): 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0705-7 Guo X., Li M., Du X., Jiang C., Li S., Tang R., Sang C., Yu R., Long D., Dong J., and Ma C., 2022, Multimorbidity, polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation: a report from the China atrial fibrillation registry study, Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 9: 988799. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.988799 Hung A., Kim Y., and Pavon J., 2024, Deprescribing in older adults with polypharmacy, BMJ, 385: e074892. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-074892 Johansson T., Abuzahra M., Keller S., Mann E., Faller B., Sommerauer C., Höck J., Löffler C., Köchling A., Schuler J., Flamm M., and Sönnichsen A., 2016, Impact of strategies to reduce polypharmacy on clinically relevant endpoints: a systematic review and meta-analysis, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 82(2): 532-548. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.12959 Jokanovi, N., Wang K., Dooley M., Lalic S., Tan E., Kirkpatrick C., and Bell S., 2017, Prioritizing interventions to manage polypharmacy in Australian aged care facilities, Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 13: 564-574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2016.06.003 Kardas P., Mair A., Stewart D., and Lewek P., 2023, Optimizing polypharmacy management in the elderly: a comprehensive European benchmarking survey and the development of an innovative online benchmarking application, Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14: 1254912. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1254912 Khaitovych M., 2021, Polypharmacy: definition, risks, management, Oral and General Health, 2(3): 7-12. https://doi.org/10.22141/ogh.2.3.2021.240720 Khezrian M., McNeil C., Murray A., and Myint P., 2020, An overview of prevalence, determinants and health outcomes of polypharmacy, Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, 11: 2042098620933741. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042098620933741

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