Medicinal Plant Research 2026, Vol.16, No.3, 221-236 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 234 resources, promote high-value products such as polysaccharides, flavonoid extracts, and functional foods, and improve origin traceability, quality evaluation, and processing standards. By integrating resource conservation, standardized under-forest production, deep processing, and regional brand development, T. hemsleyanum can gradually shift from a traditional medicinal material resource toward an integrated under-forest industry with distinctive local characteristics. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. 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