Medicinal Plant Research 2026, Vol.16, No.1, 11-30 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/mpr 28 Therefore, precise environmental control is not only an important foundation for efficient G. lucidum production, but also a key factor in enhancing its medicinal value and market competitiveness. Standardized production and intelligent management are important trends in the future development of the G. lucidum industry. By establishing unified technical procedures for strain management, substrate preparation, sterilization and inoculation, fruiting management, harvesting, and processing, the standardization level of the production process can be improved, enabling stable product quality and whole-process traceability. Meanwhile, the application of intelligent technologies such as IoT, automated control, and big data analysis is gradually transforming G. lucidum production from traditional experience-based management toward precision, digitalization, and smart management. In the future, with the continuous improvement of standardization systems and the sustained development of smart agricultural technologies, the G. lucidum industry will further achieve high-quality, green, and modernized development. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The author affirms that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Alsaheb R.A., Zjeh K.A., Malek R.A., Abdullah J.O., Baz A.A., Deeb E.A., Dailin D.J., Hanapi S.Z., Sukmawati D., and El Enshasy H.A., 2020, Bioprocess optimization for exopolysaccharides production by Ganoderma lucidum in semi-industrial scale, Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition and Agriculture, 11(3): 211-218. https://doi.org/10.2174/2212798411666200316153148 Adebayo S., Aworinde H., Olufemi O., Osueke C., Adeniyi A., and Aroba O., 2025, Understanding mushroom farm environment using TinyML-based monitoring devices, Environmental Research Communications, 7(4): 045014. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/adc5cd Akçay Ç., Arslan R., and Ceylan F., 2025, Valorization of various lignocellulosic wastes to Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst (Reishi Mushroom) cultivation and their FT-IR assessments, PLOS ONE, 20(7): e0328732. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328732 Alengebawy A., Abdelkhalek S.T., Qureshi S.R., and Wang M.Q., 2021, Heavy metals and pesticides toxicity in agricultural soil and plants: Ecological risks and human health implications, Toxics, 9(3): 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9030042 Al-Kaabi A., and Hussien A., 2025, The environmental requirements of three species of Reishi mushroom, Ganoderma spp., IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1487(1): 012020. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1487/1/012020 Araque J., Niño L., and Gelves G., 2020, Industrial scale bioprocess simulation for Ganoderma lucidum production using SuperPro Designer, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1655(1): 012077. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1655/1/012077 Atila F., 2020, Comparative study on the mycelial growth and yield of Ganoderma lucidum (Curt.: Fr.) Karst. on different lignocellulosic wastes, Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40(2): 153-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2018.11.007 Bijalwan A., Bahuguna K., Vasishth A., Singh A., Chaudhary S., Dongariyal A., Thakur T.K., Kaushik S., Ansari M.J., Alfarraj S., Alharbi S.A., SkalickýM., and Brestič M., 2021, Growth performance of Ganoderma lucidum using billet method in Garhwal Himalaya, India, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(5): 2709-2717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.030 Chen F., Zhang T., Xiao P., Shao L., Zhang X., Wang L., Ren X., Qin C., and Jiao Y., 2024, Occurrence and health risk of pesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicines from Shandong Province, China, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31: 25940-25951. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32693-4 Chen L., Qian L., Zhang X., Li J.Z., Zhang Z.J., and Chen X.M., 2022, Research progress on indoor environment of mushroom factory, International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 15(1): 25-32. https://doi.org/10.25165/j.ijabe.20221501.6872 Chen Y., Zhu S.B., Xie M.Y., Nie S.P., Liu W., Li C., Gong X.F., and Wang Y.X., 2008, Quality control and original discrimination of Ganoderma lucidum based on high-performance liquid chromatographic fingerprints and combined chemometrics methods, Analytica Chimica Acta, 623(2): 146-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.06.018 Chong J.W.R., Chew K.W., Peter A.P., Ting H.Y., and Show P.L., 2023, Internet of Things (IoT)-based environmental monitoring and control system for home-based mushroom cultivation, Biosensors, 13(1): 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13010098
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