International Journal of Horticulture, 2026, Vol.16, No.2, 68-76 http://hortherbpublisher.com/index.php/ijh 75 traditional practices. Marketing problems, such as unorganized markets and dependence on intermediaries, further reduce farmers returns. The MLR results indicated that cultivated area, irrigation, annual household income, and training significantly influenced production. Productivity is greater for farmers with training, cooperative membership, and literacy. French bean production is promising in the Kalikot district of Nepal, but sustainable growth requires integrated improvements in irrigation, technical training, input supply, pest and disease management, and market organization to enhance productivity and farmer income. Authors’ contributions S Panta conceived and designed the study, led the fieldwork, performed the data analysis, and prepared the manuscript. S Pandey provided methodological support and assisted in interpreting the findings. P Dhungana contributed to literature review, data validation, and manuscript revision. L Pokhrel coordinated data collection and supported field activities. S Pant assisted with fieldwork and data entry. S Regmi supervised data collection and contributed to data analysis. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. References Adhikari S., Chapai A., Shrestha S., Bhandari N., Acharya P., Thapa K., and Keshari S.K., 2024, Economics of production and marketing for French bean in Kalikot District (Tilagupha Municipality), Nepal, International Journal of Horticulture, 14: 0010. https://doi.org/10.5376/ijh.2024.14.0010 Basnet D.B., Basnet K.B., and Acharya P., 2022, Influence of nitrogen level on growth pattern and yield performance of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Nepal, International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 10(1): 31-40. https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v10i1.44157 Bhandari P., and Ghimire D., 2013, Rural agricultural change and fertility transition in Nepal, Rural Sociology, 78(2): 229-252. https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.12007 Bhattarai R., and Pandit M., 2023, Cooperatives as pillar of economy to improve agriculture production and marketing, Nepal Public Policy Review, 3(1): 221-238. https://doi.org/10.59552/nppr.v3i1.61 Bist D.R., Kunwar A., Chapagaee P., Khatri L., Bhatt B., and Mandal A., 2025, The role of hybrid varieties in enhancing crop productivity and sustainability in Nepalese agriculture, Scientifica, 1: 8275428. https://doi.org/10.1155/sci5/8275428 Boansi D., Gyasi M., Nuamah S., Tham-Agyekum E.K., Ankuyi F., Frimpong R., Gbafah A., and Gyan C.B., 2024, Impact of agricultural credit on productivity, cost and returns from cocoa production in Ghana, Cogent Economics & Finance, 12(1): 2402035. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2024.2402035 Baral R.S., and Gyawali K., 2024, Effectiveness of farmer’s training in Nepal: a review, Journal of Advances in Agriculture, 15: 18-24. https://doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v15i.9680 Chhetri A., and Bhatta A., 2017, Agro-morphological variability assessment of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes in High Hill Jumla, Nepal, International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2(6): 3110-3115. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/2.6.42 Dhakal A., 2020, Present status of grain legumes production in Nepal, Food & Agribusiness Management, 2(1): 6-9. https://doi.org/10.26480/fabm.01.2021.06.09 Dhungana P., Pokhrel N., Puri K., Neupane B.K., Subedi D., Bhattarai N., Chhetri P., and Shrestha A., 2025, Perceptions, impacts, and adaptation to climate change among farmers in Jumla District, Nepal: a community survey, International Journal of Horticulture, 15(5): 257-266. https://doi.org/10.5376/ijh.2025.15.0026 Gáfaro M., Ibáñez A.M., Sánchez-Ordóñez D., and Ortiz M.C., 2025, Farm size and income distribution of Latin American agriculture: new perspectives on an old issue, Oxford Open Economics, 4(Supplement_1): 148-166. https://doi.org/10.1093/ooec/odae024 Ghimire B., Dhakal S.C., Marattha S., and Bastakoti R.C., 2022, Lentil production in Nepal: analysis of trends, instability and decomposition (1989-2019), Research Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 10(4): 27-34. Joshi B.K., Prasad R.C., Gurung R., Gautam S., Subedi A., Adhikari A.R., Karkee A., and Gauchan D., 2025, Tradition of cultivating bean mixture for multiple benefits and sustainable production system in mountain agriculture: bean mixture cultivation for sustainable mountain farming, SAARC Journal of Agriculture, 22(2): 209-226. https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v22i2.76809 Joshi D., Banjade D., Singh A.K., and Chauhan B., 2022, Value chain analysis of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the Api region of Darchula District, Nepal, Food and Agri Economics Review, 2(2): 60-70. https://doi.org/10.26480/faer.02.2022.60.70
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